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Battery refers to a device that stores and provides electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. It consists of one or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Batteries are commonly used to power various devices, from small electronics like smartphones and laptops to larger applications such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. The basic components of a battery include an anode (negative electrode), a cathode (positive electrode), and an electrolyte that facilitates the movement of ions between the electrodes during discharge and charge cycles. There are various types of batteries, including alkaline, lithium-ion, nickel-metal hydride, and lead-acid, each with specific characteristics suited to different uses.